• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An apparatus (4) for improving the efficiency of a propeller (1), the apparatus comprising at least one propeller and means (5, 6) for directing water from the vicinity of the propeller to the front and / or rear of the propeller (1), characterized in that the apparatus (4) comprises shaft-mounted first propeller (1a) and a second propeller (1b), and vanes (5) located between the propeller blades and connecting the propellers to direct water between the propellers, i.e. at least to the rear of the first propeller (1a) and to the front of the second propeller (1b). In addition, protection requirements 2-7.
    公开号:FI12771Y1
    申请号:FIU20200059U
    申请日:2020-04-27
    公开日:2020-10-15
    发明作者:Markku Järvinen
    申请人:Oilwhale Solutions Oy Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Improving propeller efficiency
    TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to an apparatus for improving propeller efficiency as set out in the preambles of the independent protection claims set out below. The invention also relates to a watercraft propeller and a propeller pump utilizing the above-mentioned equipment.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A propeller is an impeller that changes the speed of the medium of rotational movement of its blades by increasing it to thrust. The propeller is used to move fluid in, for example, propulsion equipment and pumps for watercraft. An axial or propeller pump impeller is a propeller that allows fluid to flow in the direction of the propeller axis.
    Improving the efficiency of propellers has been a challenge as long as they have been used. The overall efficiency of the propeller is affected by e.g. propeller diameter, number of propeller blades, pitch angle, speed, power of the engine driving the propeller, for example such as the engine power of the watercraft.
    The problem is, for example, how the rise of the propeller of a watercraft, i.e. the progress of the propeller in the water, could be realized 1: 1 principle. Propeller pitch is the distance a propeller theoretically travels during one revolution, provided there is no slip between the water and the propeller. In practice, there is always glide. Thus, in practice, the distance traveled by the propeller N in the water is shorter than the theoretical pitch of the propeller.
    3 25 N There are several problems with rotating a propeller in water, for example the so-called cavitation phenomenon. E As a result of cavitation, the water begins to boil due to the local R pressure created by the propellers. Cavitation bubbles wear the propeller mechanically and the thrust of the propeller S decreases. Attempts have been made to reduce cavitation, for example, by shaping the blades of an O 30 propeller. This has led to small improvements in the desired propeller> efficiency.
    The efficiency of a propeller is typically at its highest when the propeller begins to rotate and move the stationary water mass backwards or forwards, depending on which direction the water or watercraft is to be moved. The efficiency typically decreases as the water mass begins to move as the propeller rotates. The direction of rotation of the propeller is often reversible to reverse the direction of flow. Propeller blades are often shaped to provide different efficiencies in different directions. For example, typical watercraft propellers do not provide the same efficiency when driving backwards as when driving forward.
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to reduce or even eliminate the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.
    It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for reducing cavitation in connection with a watercraft and a propeller pump propeller. It is an object of the present invention to provide a more efficient - propeller of a watercraft and a propeller pump. It is an object of the present invention to reduce the reduction in the overall efficiency of a watercraft and a propeller pump caused by a propeller. O
    It is an object of the present invention to increase the efficiency of the propeller in both directions of rotation of the propeller. j
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION S In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects, among others, the apparatus according to the invention, the propeller of a watercraft, a propeller pump and other objects of the invention are> characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing parts of the appended independent protection claims.
    The application examples and advantages mentioned in this text apply mutatis mutandis to the apparatus according to the invention, the propeller of a watercraft, the propeller pump as well as other objects of the invention, although it is not always mentioned separately.
    A typical apparatus according to the invention for improving the efficiency of a propeller comprises means for directing water from the vicinity of the propeller to the front and / or rear of the propeller. The apparatus comprises a first propeller and a second propeller located on the same shaft, as well as vanes located between the blades of the propellers and connecting the propellers.
    The vanes direct water between the propellers, i.e. at least downstream to the rear of the first propeller and to the front of the second propeller.
    A typical device according to the invention can be used, for example, in a method in which the efficiency of a propeller is improved.
    The propeller of a watercraft according to the invention comprises the apparatus according to the invention. The invention can be used in a watercraft comprising a propeller of a watercraft according to the invention.
    The propeller pump according to the invention comprises the apparatus according to the invention. In this case, the device according to the invention directs water at least between the propellers acting as the impeller of the propeller pump.
    S N One way of describing the invention is to say that water is collected and transferred around the propeller S 25 in front of and / or behind it. In one embodiment, water is transferred to both the front and rear of the N first and / or second propellers. In one embodiment, water E is also transferred downstream to the front of the first propeller and / or to the rear of the second R propeller.
    S 30 It has now been found that the more water in front of and behind the propeller, the more efficient the propeller becomes. It is advisable to direct the water to the front and / or rear of the propeller with special water transfer equipment.
    As the propeller according to the invention rotates, the water control device, for example suitable vanes, directs the water outside the device, possibly outside the scope of the conventional propeller, inside it, i.e. in the main thrust direction of the propeller behind and / or in front of the propeller. This creates a higher water pressure behind and / or in front of the propeller than a conventional propeller.
    The apparatus according to the invention, such as the vanes, can be arranged to move more water behind and / or in front of the propeller also when reversing. Thus, the invention also improves the efficiency of the propeller when reversing the watercraft.
    One advantage of the invention is that cavitation is reduced due to the water added to the propeller.
    One advantage of the invention is that in the direction of travel of the water or the watercraft, a higher back pressure of water becomes behind the propeller into which the propeller pushes water. This enhances the operation of the propeller.
    One advantage of the invention is that, at least in some cases, the backflow of water caused by the propeller can be reduced.
    One advantage of the invention is that it makes it possible to reduce the suction effect in front of the propeller. & 3 25 In one embodiment of the invention, the propeller comprises a propeller shaft. In one embodiment of the invention, the propeller comprises one or more blades. j R In one embodiment of the invention, the water transfer device or at least the main part S of the device is rotated with or next to the propeller. In this case, the water is directed with said O 30 equipment from the vicinity of the propeller to the front and / or behind the propeller. 5
    In one embodiment of the invention, the water transfer device is fixedly connected to the propeller. In one embodiment of the invention, the water transfer device is connected to one or more blades of the propeller 5 and rotates with them. In one embodiment of the invention, the water transfer device comprises one or more vanes arranged to direct water from the vicinity of the propeller to the front and / or rear of the propeller.
    In one embodiment of the invention, one or more vanes are attached to the propeller blades. In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes are attached to the tips or blade tips of the propeller blades. —The wings may be initially separate from and attached to the pallets. The fastening can be, for example, a bolt or screw fastening. In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes are releasably attached to the propeller blades. This makes the wings easy to replace.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the one or more vanes are formed in one piece with the blades, for example in connection with the casting of a propeller blank.
    O R In one embodiment of the invention, the water conveying device, for example the vanes S25 or the inner surface of the vanes, is arranged and / or shaped so that the apparatus conveys water N in front and / or behind the propeller, regardless of the direction of rotation of the propeller. In an embodiment of the invention, the vanes are substantially parallel to the propeller shaft S. In one embodiment of the invention, the water transfer device comprises a collar with which the vanes, for example the free ends of the vanes, are supported to each other. The free end of the vane can mean, for example, the end of the vane away from the propeller shaft. In one embodiment of the invention, the first and second propellers are fixedly attached to the same propeller shaft.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes connect the blades of the first propeller and the second propeller.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the pitch angle of the second propeller is different from that of the first propeller. In one application, the pitch angle of the second propeller is greater than that of the first.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the number of vanes is different from that of the propeller blades.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes are spaced apart from the first and / or second propeller or propeller blades mainly in the direction of the propeller axis.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes extend a distance from the first and / or second propeller or propeller blades mainly in the direction of the propeller axis. O
    O N In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes are spaced apart by a distance to <AR; . . . . a. O 25 of the first and / or second propeller or propeller blades mainly in the direction of the N-axis of the propeller both backwards and forwards.
    I a a R In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes extend at a distance S from the first and / or second propeller or propeller blades in the direction of the arc of the imaginary circle formed by the blade tips S30 in one and / or the other direction.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the vanes are formed from the ends of the propeller blades. In one embodiment, these blade ends are oriented substantially parallel to the propeller axis, i.e. the vanes are spaced apart from the propeller blades mainly in the direction of the propeller axis forwards and / or backwards.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the first and / or second propellers are fixed wing propellers. In one embodiment of the invention, the first and / or second propeller is a control vane propeller. The pitch angle of the adjusting vane propeller is adjustable. In one application, the pitch angles of the first and second propellers are - adjustable separately.
    The vanes or their edges and / or surfaces may be substantially non-parallel to the propeller axis. For example, the vanes may be at an angle to the direction of the propeller axis. Said angle may be, for example, 0-60 degrees, 0-45 degrees, 10-90 degrees, 10-45 degrees. The vanes may be parallel to the arc of the imaginary circle formed by the tips of its blades or parallel to the tangent of the circle as the propeller rotates, or at an angle to the tangent, for example at an angle of 0.5 to 20 degrees or 1 to 10 degrees.
    The length of the vanes, measured forwards or backwards from the propeller blade, can be, for example, 10-500 mm, 20-200 mm, more than 10 mm, more than 20 mm, more than 50 mm or more than 100 mm. The length of the vanes in the direction of the arc of the imaginary circle formed by the tips of the propeller blades in one direction or the other can be, for example, 20-1000 mm, 40-500 mm, N more than 20 mm, more than 50 mm, more than 100 mm or more than 500 mm.
    S 25 N The vanes can be used to direct water from the vicinity of the propeller to the front and / or rear of the propeller E along the entire length of the imaginary circle formed by the tips of the propeller blades or R only for part of the length of the circuit. In other words, the wings together cover some portion around the propeller S between 0 and 360 degrees. The area covered by the vanes around the propeller O 30 can be, for example, more than 5, more than 10, more than 20, more than 30, more than 40, more than 60, more than 80, more than 100, more than> 180, more than 270, less than 5, less than 10, less than 20, under 30, under 40, under 60, under 80, under 100, under 180, under 270, 5-360, 5-270, 5-180, 5-100, 5-80, 5-60, 5-40, 5 -30, 5-20, 5-10, 10-360,
    10-270, 10-180, 10-100, 10-80, 10-60, 10-40, 10-30, 10-20, 20-360, 20-270, 20-180, 20-100, 20- 80, 20-60, 20-40, 20-30, 30-360, 30-270, 30-180, 30-100, 30-80, 30-60, 30-40, 40-360, 40-270, 40-180, 40-100, 40-80, 40-60, 60-360, 60-270, 60-180, 60-100, 60-80, 80-360, 80-270, 80-180, 80- 100, 100-360, 100-270, 100-180, 180-360, 180-270, 270-360 degrees.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing, in which Figure 1 shows a propeller according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a propeller according to the invention, Figure 3 shows a propeller according to a third invention, Figure 4 shows a propeller according to a fourth invention, as a perspective view of the propeller, Fig. 6 shows the rear of the propeller of Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 shows the side of the propeller of Fig. 5.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLES OF THE FIGURES For the sake of clarity, the same reference numerals are used in different figures and embodiments for some corresponding parts. Figures 1-3 show first and / or second propellers 1 according to the invention and Figure 4 shows an example of a propeller 1 in which the first and second propellers are N attached to each other. The propeller has a shaft 2 and blades 3 attached to it and arranged to rotate with the shaft S 25 3. An apparatus 4 according to the invention is arranged in connection with the propeller, comprising E or water-guiding blades 5 attached separately to the tips or tip parts of the propeller blades. 5 can be detachably attached to the blades. This way the wings are interchangeable. The fastening S can be, for example, a bolt or screw fastening. The size of the vanes 5, i.e. the dimension and the O 30 effect circuit, can be adapted to the respective operating situation, the size of the propeller or> the number of propeller blades.
    In the example of Figure 1, the tip portions of the propeller blades are bent parallel to the axis of the propeller and thus form the vanes 5 according to the invention. In Figures 2 and 3, the vanes 5 are connected to each other by a circumferential collar 6. This ensures the durability of the vanes. The collar may also be shaped to act as a water guiding wing according to the invention. The vanes of Figures 1-3 are located on only one side of the propeller, i.e. in the main thrust direction of the propeller behind it. According to the invention, the vanes could also be located in front of the propeller to increase the water pressure in front of the propeller. In the example of Figure 4, the propeller 1 comprises a first propeller 1a and a second propeller 1b arranged on the same shaft. Wings 5 connecting the propellers are placed between the propeller blades. The vanes 5 direct water between the propellers, i.e. to the rear of the first propeller 1a and to the front of the second propeller 1b. Figures 5, 6 and 7 show an example in which an apparatus 4, i.e. vanes 5, are arranged at the ends of the blades 3 of the first or second propeller 1, extending a distance from the propeller 1 and: a) in the direction of the propeller axis backwards, b) in the direction of the propeller shaft 2, c ) in the direction of the arc of the imaginary circle formed by the tips of the blades in one direction D1 and d) in the direction of the arc of the imaginary circle formed by the tips of the blades in the other direction D2.
    S N Two or more propellers of Figures 1 to 3 and 5 to / can be attached to each other on the same S 25 shaft, for example by means of vanes 5 as shown in Figure 4.
    N E The invention is not intended to be limited to the examples shown, but the protection circuit R is determined by the independent protection requirements. The dependent claims present some preferred embodiments of the invention.
    N 8 5
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    An apparatus (4) for improving the efficiency of a propeller (1), the apparatus comprising at least one propeller and means (5, 6) for directing water from the vicinity of the propeller to the front and / or rear of the propeller (1), characterized in that the apparatus (4) comprises shaft-mounted first propeller (1a) and a second propeller (1b), and vanes (5) located between the propeller blades and connecting the propellers to direct water between the propellers, i.e. at least to the rear of the first propeller (1a) and to the front of the second propeller (1b).
    [2]
    Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more vanes (5), for example the inner surface of the vanes, are designed to move water in front of and / or behind the propeller, regardless of the direction of rotation of the propeller.
    [3]
    Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more vanes (5) are substantially parallel to the propeller shaft (2).
    [4]
    Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vanes are formed at least mainly at the ends of the propeller blades which are oriented - substantially parallel to the propeller shaft (2).
    [5]
    Apparatus according to one of the preceding protective claims, characterized in that o the first and / or second propeller is a control vane propeller.
    O
    N 3 25
    [6]
    A propeller for a watercraft, characterized in that it comprises equipment according to one of the preceding N protection requirements. j R
    [7]
    Propeller pump, characterized in that it comprises equipment according to one of the preceding protection requirements S.
    S 5
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